About Solar PV Technologies

Photovoltaic (PV) technology deals with the direct conversion of incident sunlight without any moving parts or emissions. The device which does this seemingly simple but quite Complex processing trick is known as a Solar Cell. The most common semiconductor material used in PV cells is Silicon-an element found in ordinary sand. There are three main types of Crystalline silicon cells such as:

a) Mono-crystalline (single crystal)
b) Polycrystalline (or multicrystalline)
c) Ribbon sheets.

Crystalline silicon cells are usually made from thin slices cut from a single crystal of silicon (mono-crystalline) or from a block of single crystals (Polycrystalline). This is the most common technology today with a global market share of Around 90%.In contrast, thin film technology appears in the following four commercially available ranges of semiconducting materials:

• Amorphous Silicon
• Cadmium Telluride
• Copper indium/gallium diselenide/disulphide
• Multi-junction cells

Thin film modules are made by depositing extremely thin layers of photo-sensitive materials onto a low cost substrate such as glass, stainless steel or even plastic.

Solar Energy Technologies

India has high solar irradiation averaging 7 Kwh/m2. The solar energy can be harnessed for pumping drinking water for rural communities, electricity production, Powering lights and appliances at rural institutions (schools and clinics), and water heating in urban areas. There is high demand for solar energy systems especially in remote rural areas where there is no power grid, however the cost is prohibitive.

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